copyrighted from danny tan... "stole" it from him to ease every`ones trouble
so this credit should go to him! XD

hold crtl and f... this godlike command will enable you to find what you will need to find.. BEST of LUCK people!!!

PART ONE of TEST
Operating System Windows XP Profession

• Microsoft Windows XP is the default operating system installed on PCs.
• An operating system is a piece of software which allows you to give instructions to the computer.
• Windows XP has a friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) which uses Windows, Icons, a Mouse and Pointer (often referred to as WIMP).

Why choose Window XP Professional over Window 95?

• Though Win95/98/ME/2000 and Windows XP Professional look alike in their GUI (graphic user interface), Windows XP Professional is a more secure operating system.
• In a PC running Windows XP Professional,
• all users must have Account ID to log on before he can use the PC.
• Files/Folders/Drive can be protected from unauthorized access with permissions control
• Only when NTFS (NT File Systems) format is used.
• DOS,Win31 & Win95 uses FAT (File Allocation table).
• File system format is a method used to organized and store computer files on the secondary memory unit.

There are two main versions of Windows XP

• Home, meant for individual, home and home-office use
• Professional, which costs more but has extra features that make life easier for power users and network admiistrator.
• To find out which edition of Windows XP you’re running

Choose Start > Control panel > Performance and Maintenance > System > General tab

File Systems : FAT vs. NTFS

• FAT (File Allocation Table)
– Introduced in 1981 for use in DOS, Win3.1 & Win95.
– Supported by most operating systems
• including Windows XP, Windows 2000, NT, 98, MacOS, and some versions of UNIX.
– limits filenames to the 8.3 naming convention,
• filename can have no more than 8 characters before the period and no more than three characters after.
– Filenames must begin with a letter or number & cannot contain spaces. It is NOT case sensitive.
– Disk Volume larger than 2GB needs FAT32.
– Poor Security
• No permission control on files/folder protections
• Only simple Read Only protection

NTFS (new technology file system )

•In July 1993, introduced in Windows NT 3.1
•Only supported by Windows NT and above
•Support long filename up to 255 characters
–Can contains multiple periods and spaces
•Security (permission control on files/folders)
–grant various permissions to directories & files such as Read, Write, Execute, Delete rights.
–protect files and directories locally & remotely.
–Supports file encryption in Windows XP /Win2000

•Left Click:
–press & release left. button once
–Select an object or item.
•Right Click:
–press & release Right button once.
–Usually display short-cut menu
•Double-click:
–activate or start performing a task from the selected item..
•Drag & Drop
–move the selected object.

Selection of Objects before Copy/Move/Delete object(s):
Select an Object/item - Left click on the object.
Select Adjacent Items (Block) - Left click on 1st item SHIFT + Left click on the last item
Select Non-Adjacent Items - CTRL+click on subsequent items

Desktop

•It is the entire screen area, that has some
•Short-Cuts icons that link to favourite programs, documents, folder and printers.
•Examples of Short-cut Icons are:
–My Computer :
•list of resources on the PC.
–MSIE:
•Internet surfing
–Recycle Bin:
•hold deleted files which may be recovered, unless it was emptied.
•Application Windows vs Document Windows
•Taskbar – Start button, Application icons, etc

Desktop – Short-cut Icons

•The desktop’s shortcut icons can be customised by
–adding new short-cut icons or
–moving it, or
–re-arrange their positions on the screen.
•You may add desktop colour and background image.
–right click anywhere on the desktop, and then select Properties.
–Note: you may not able to do it in SPICE environment as they are disabled by Admin.

•The desktop’s shortcut icons can be customised by
–adding new short-cut icons or
–moving it, or
–re-arrange their positions on the screen.
•You may add desktop colour and background image.
–right click anywhere on the desktop, and then select Properties.
–Note: you may not able to do it in SPICE environment as they are disabled by Admin.

Creating Shortcuts

•A shortcut is an icon that has the location of a specific file or program stored in it and which acts as a pointer to it.
•A shortcut icon is shown with a little arrow attached. If you double click on the shortcut it is the same as double clicking on the file or program itself.
•Shortcuts can be placed on the Desktop to allow quicker access to frequently-used files or programs.

Taskbar & START Menu

•Located at the bottom of the screen by default. It can be relocated, but not in SPICE.
•Click START button to show Start Menu
–quickly start a program
–Open a favourite URL in IE.
–open a recently opened file.
–Windows settings
–Find a file/folder
–HELP on Win XP
–RUN command: start program by enter its filename




Dialog Boxes

•Window program to ask for more info from the user before the selected command can continue. It is presented in the form of
–Radio Button - select ONLY one of the items
–check boxes - allows more than one selections.
–Dropdown list box - select one
–List box - select one
–Text box - allow user to enter text.
–Command button - OK, CANCEL, YES/NO, etc
–Slider, Tabs, Wizard, etc,

Dialog boxes Components


Dialog Boxes –File/Save AS


Filename.Extension

•NT/95/98/2000 supports Long filename format
•Valid file name for WinNT/95/98
–Up to 255 characters.
–Use spaces, underscore, A-Z, a-z, 0-9, all others,
–Except these characters : \ / : * “ < > and ?
–We may use [], ( ) $$, etc to systematically naming our files.
•File Extension is also called File Type, e.g.
–filename.txt ASCII text file created by notepad.
–filename.bmp File created by Paint program.
–filename .xls File created by Microsoft Excel.
–filename .doc File created by Microsoft Word.
–filename.exe Executable program file.

Which are invalid filenames?

text&image.com - valid
Text+image.bmp - valid
Text-image.bmp - valid
Text:image.bmp - invalid
{text+image}.bmp - valid
(I_Love_You_123).bmp - valid
PeaceInMyMind.doc - valid
.bmp - invalid
$100.love.xls - valid

File Association

A File Type is used to identify type of file which was created using a particular application program. Examples,
.doc using MS Word
.xls using MS Excel
.bmp using Paint Brush program
.htm using FrontPage
Windows uses file type to associate data file to that application program.
When a data file is open from Explorer, the associated application program will automatically started up before opening up that data file.

Clipboard – Data-sharing

A temporary memory area used to hold data you have copied,(Edit/Copy) or Cut (Edit/Cut).
You can paste data from the Clipboard into another doc or same doc.
You can also copy data from one application window to another. This allows sharing of data between different application programs



Accessory Programs

These are simple application & utilities programs come free with Windows OS.


Control Windows with Taskbar

Right click on any empty space on the taskbar.
From the pop-up/shortcut menu, you may choose
Minimize All Windows, or
Cascading Windows, or
Tile windows Horizontally, or
Tile Windows Vertically
You may choose Task Manager. This is the same when you press Ctrl+Alt+Del key simultaneously.
You can remove tasks that are hung, or
force the running program to STOP running (only do it as a last resort)

Using Windows Explorer

Window Explorer Overview

It is used for browsing or manipulating
Disk, Folders & Files (Copy, Rename, Delete, Create,etc)
File and Folder attributes properties (e.g. Read Only)
Set Sharing and Security properties (Permission Rights).

A folder is where you can store your computer files on a given disk drive.
It is like those in the filing cabinet which is used to organise & categorise your files/docs.
A folder that contains one or many sub-folders will have a “+” sign on its left.
A “-” sign indicates the folder is expanded. You may click on the “-” sign to collapse the folder.


Create folder & Subfolders

Select Drive or current Folder (if create its sub-folder)
Click File New Folder
Key in new folder name


Hot to Select Files/Folders

Useful Short-cut Keys
Short-cuts keys are usually displayed next to the command items in their respective command menus.
You can use them to speed up execution of the commands steps.
The most common and useful short-cut keys are:
Ctrl + X for Edit/Cut
Ctrl + C for Edit/Copy
Ctrl + V for Edit/Paste
Ctrl + A to Select All

Change Explorer Views

Different Views layout.
Large Icon: shows files/folders as icons
Small Icons: shows items in small icons.
List: small icons in columns.
Details: more file info such size

The files/folders pane can also be –rearranged
By Name: list files/folder alphabetically
By Type: list same file type together
By Size: sort by file size order
etc…


Set Folder Options

In Windows XP Explorer,
Click Tool/Folder options.
Select View tab,
to see file extensions, uncheck “Hide file extensions for known file types”.
to show full MS-DOS path, check on display the full path in the title bar.
to see file listed, check on Show hidden files/folders radio button



Set File/Folder Attributes

Select Item (Files or Folders),
Click File Properties
Read Only
prevent accidental write-over/delete
protect finished copy from Virus.
Hidden: to hide from listing
Archive :
if on, indicates file has been changed since the last backup
Index for fast searching
Encrypt to secure data
Compress to save disk space.



Formatting Diskette

Insert a diskette (warning: all data be erased).
In Window Explorer Window, Right-click on Floppy Disk Icon.
Select FORMAT to display the dialog box as shown.
Enter Volume Label
Click on Start command button



To Duplicate a Diskette

Open the My Computer window.
Click the “3 ½” Floppy (A:)”
Click on File menu, and select Copy disk (or use short-cut menu)

Or

In Window Explorer Window,
Select My Computer icon in folder window pane,
Select “3 ½ “ Floppy (A:)” icon in the content window pane
Click on File menu, and select Copy disk.

To check/Set Permission

Select file or folder
Right click on the select item
Select Properties to display dialogue box
Select Security Tab
Click Permission button
Take note of permissions given


To Mail or Zip a folder

To send a file/folder. :
Right click on item to open the pop-up menu
Click on “Send To”
To Zip a folder:
Right click on the folder
Select Add to folder-name.zip

danny
yeejia
nerraD
leonard
desmond
mickey
cheston
sister

layout: detonatedlove
inspiration: wordpress